Examples of bribery

 

1. A government official may bribe a feasibility consultant to advise that the project should be built on the official’s land so that he can make a secret profit from the sale of the land.
   
   
2. A project owner may bribe a government official in order to obtain planning permission for a project.
   
   
3. A bidder may bribe the project owner’s designer to design a project in a manner which improperly favours that bidder over other bidders.
   
   
4. A bank official may pay a bribe to the finance director of the project owner to award the project finance contract to the bank at enhanced interest rates.
   
   
5. A contractor who wishes to pre-qualify may pay a bribe to the engineer to ensure that key competitors of the contractor are eliminated from the short-list on artificial grounds.
   
   
6. A bidder may pay a bribe to a government official or the project owner’s representative to win the contract.
   
   
7. A tenderer for a sub-contract may offer a free holiday to the procurement manager of the contractor if the procurement manager awards the contract to the sub-contractor.
   
   
8. A contractor may pay a bribe to the project owner’s representative to have variations, extensions of time, or defective or non-existent work approved.
   
   
9. A supplier may bribe a supervisor to certify greater quantities delivered to site than are actually delivered.
   
   
10. The project owner may pay a bribe to the project engineer in return for the engineer refusing to issue a payment certificate or an extension of time to a contractor.
    
    
11. If the parties are in dispute in relation to the construction of the project, one party may bribe a witness, expert, arbitrator or judge in order to give false evidence, or to give a favourable opinion or verdict.