On-Line Anti-Corruption Training Module

• Any interface between two or more individuals or organisations which involves money or other benefit creates a corruption risk where one or other party may seek to make an illicit profit. 
  
  
• The infrastructure sector is reputed to be prone to corruption.  It is particularly vulnerable to corruption because:
  • There are normally a large number of contractual links on a project (with numerous sub-contractors and suppliers).  Every contractual link contains a corruption risk during the tender, certification and payment process.
  • The payment process on projects normally involves measurement of work done, which creates a corruption risk during the measurement process.
  • Work is often concealed (e.g. steel in foundations, pipes in ducting) which makes it more difficult to check whether work has been properly carried out.
  • Projects are often complex (in contractual, technical and financial terms) which makes it more difficult to ascertain whether a problem or cost overrun has been caused by management error, negligence or corruption.
  • There are large sums of money involved.
  • It is difficult to monitor all transactions.
  • There are significant interfaces with government officials (e.g. in applying for planning permission, building approval, import permits etc.)

• In your position as a senior manager or other officer of your organisation you will be involved in transactions where corrupt activity could occur – for example in the form of bribery, extortion, fraud or collusion.